Femoral Nerve Block
Description:
A femoral nerve block is a regional anesthesia technique used to anesthetize the anterior thigh and part of the knee by targeting the femoral nerve, typically at the level of the inguinal crease. It is often used for procedures on the anterior thigh, femur, knee, or for postoperative pain management.
Anatomy:
The femoral nerve arises from the lumbar plexus (L2–L4) and passes beneath the inguinal ligament into the thigh, lateral to the femoral artery.
Technique:
Performed under ultrasound or nerve stimulator guidance. The anesthetic is injected near the femoral nerve, typically just below the inguinal ligament.
Clinical Uses:
Total knee arthroplasty (in combination with other blocks)
Femur or patella fractures
Anterior thigh laceration repair
Postoperative pain control
Popliteal Nerve Block
Description:
A popliteal nerve block targets the sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa, providing anesthesia to the lower leg (except the medial aspect), ankle, and foot. It’s commonly used for surgeries below the knee.
Anatomy:
The sciatic nerve bifurcates into the tibial and common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa. The block is typically performed just above or at this bifurcation.
Technique:
Performed with the patient prone or lateral. Ultrasound is often used to locate the sciatic nerve, and local anesthetic is deposited around it in the popliteal fossa.
Clinical Uses:
Foot and ankle surgeries
Achilles tendon repair
Lower leg trauma
Postoperative analgesia.
