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The Great Sphinx of Giza is one of the most iconic and mysterious monuments of ancient Egypt. Located on the Giza Plateau near the Great Pyramids, it is believed to have been constructed during the reign of Pharaoh Khafre (around 2558–2532 BCE) of the Old Kingdom. Carved from a single massive limestone outcrop, the Sphinx measures about 73 meters (240 feet) long and 20 meters (66 feet) high, making it one of the largest monolithic statues in the world.
With the body of a lion and the head of a human—likely representing Pharaoh Khafre—the Sphinx symbolizes strength, wisdom, and the divine power of kingship. It served as a guardian figure, watching over the sacred pyramid complex. Ancient Egyptians believed that such hybrid creatures had protective qualities, and the Sphinx stood as a powerful sentinel for millennia.
The Sphinx holds immense historical significance as it represents the peak of ancient Egyptian art, architecture, and spiritual belief. Despite centuries of erosion and damage, including the loss of its nose, it remains a symbol of Egypt’s enduring legacy. Its enigmatic expression and origin continue to spark fascination and scholarly debate, keeping the mystery of ancient Egypt alive for modern generations.
